Biomarkers A-Z
We test over 70 essential biomarkers which have an effect on your health, wellbeing and performance. You can look at each of the biomarkers here and find out what it is and the effects this can have when it's out of a normal range.
Measures biologically active Vitamin B12 essential for red blood cell production, nerve function, and DNA synthesis. Low levels indicate deficiency, leading to anaemia and neurological issues.
Read More About Active B12Essential B-vitamin for DNA synthesis, red blood cell formation. Deficiency leads to red blood cell problems, neural tube defects in pregnancy, making it useful when screening for nutritional deficiencies and managing pregnancy.
Read More About Folate (serum)Iron storage protein, indicating body's iron levels. Low levels suggest iron deficiency anaemia; high levels may indicate inflammation or liver disease.
Read More About FerritinMain serum protein produced by the liver, critical for maintaining blood volume and pressure. Low levels indicate liver or kidney disease, malnutrition, or chronic inflammation. Important in assessing overall health.
Read More About AlbuminVital mineral for bone health, muscle function, and nerve signalling. Abnormal levels indicate parathyroid disorders, vitamin D imbalance, or kidney disease, use for screening for metabolic bone diseases.
Read More About CalciumLiver enzyme indicating liver health. Elevated levels can suggest liver damage or disease, including hepatitis, fatty liver disease, or damage from toxins or medications. Exercise can also cause acute rises. Used in screening for and monitoring liver conditions.
Read More About Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)Estimates kidney filtration efficiency, indicating kidney health. Decreased levels signal kidney dysfunction or disease. Analysed when screening for renal conditions and guiding treatment decisions.
Read More About eGFRMarkers for autoimmune thyroid disease, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Elevated levels indicate an immune response against the thyroid gland.
Read More About Thyroid Peroxidase AntibodiesHormone peaking in the morning, indicative of stress response and adrenal function. Abnormal levels suggest adrenal disorders or chronic stress, Cushing's syndrome or adrenal insufficiency.
Read More About Cortisol (9am)Indicate autoimmune thyroid conditions, potentially affecting thyroid function and cancer monitoring. High levels suggest autoimmune thyroiditis.
Read More About Thyroglobulin AntibodiesKey electrolyte maintaining fluid balance and blood pressure. Abnormal levels can indicate dehydration, kidney disease, or acid-base imbalances, important for electrolyte and acid-base management.
Read More About ChlorideEnzyme linked to liver, bone, bile duct, and kidney health. Elevated levels can indicate liver disease, bone disorders, or bile duct obstruction.
Read More About Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)Percentage of blood volume made up by red blood cells, indicating hydration, anaemia, or polycythaemia. Tested when screening for blood disorders and evaluating overall health status.
Read More About Haematocrit (HCT)Essential for haemoglobin production and oxygen transport. Abnormal levels indicate iron deficiency anaemia or iron overload. Tested when screening for and managing iron metabolism disorders.
Read More About IronMeasures haemoglobin concentration in red blood cells, indicating the cells' oxygen-carrying capacity. Abnormal levels help check for different types of anaemia, guiding treatment and management.
Read More About Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)Type of white blood cell involved in immune response. Elevated levels indicate chronic inflammation, infection, or hematologic disorders. Used when screening for immune system and blood diseases.
Read More About MonocytesMeasures clotting cells in the blood. Platelet count is tested when screening for bleeding disorders, thrombocytopenia, or thrombocythemia. Abnormal counts can indicate bone marrow problems, increased bleeding risk, or clotting disorders.
Read More About Platelet CountEssential electrolyte for fluid balance, nerve, and muscle function. Abnormal levels indicate dehydration, kidney disease, or hormonal imbalances. Tested when screening for and managing electrolyte disorders.
Read More About SodiumPercentage of transferrin that is iron-saturated. Low levels can indicate iron deficiency, while high levels suggest iron overload.
Read More About Transferrin SaturationIndicator of ovarian reserve, crucial for assessing female fertility potential. Levels decrease with age, with low levels suggesting diminished ovarian reserve and reduced fertility outcomes.
Read More About Anti-Müllerian HormoneEnzyme indicating muscle damage. High levels are suggestive of muscle breakdown. Used when screening for muscle and heart diseases.
Read More About Creatine KinaseWaste product from muscle metabolism, reflecting kidney function. Elevated levels indicate impaired kidney function or muscle breakdown. Used when screening for and monitoring kidney disease.
Read More About CreatinineKey hormone in reproductive system regulation, indicating fertility status. Elevated levels can suggest ovarian failure or menopause in women and testicular dysfunction in men, important for evaluating reproductive health.
Read More About Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)Measures free testosterone levels, indicating androgen status. Useful in screening for conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), or androgen deficiency, essential for assessing hormonal balance and reproductive health.
Read More About Free Androgen IndexLiver enzyme indicative of liver and bile duct health. Elevated levels suggest liver damage, alcohol abuse, or bile duct obstructions, important for screening for liver diseases.
Read More About Gamma GTDiverse group of proteins involved in immune function and blood clotting. Abnormal levels indicate liver or kidney disease, nutritional problems, or immune disorders, useful in comprehensive health assessments.
Read More About GlobulinProtein in red blood cells carrying oxygen. Levels reflect oxygen-carrying capacity, important for screening for anaemia, polycythaemia, and monitoring overall health.
Read More About HaemoglobinIndicates average blood glucose over the past 3 months, essential for diabetes screening and management. High levels indicate poor blood sugar control, increasing risk of diabetes complications.
Read More About HbA1cHigh-density lipoprotein or "good" cholesterol, helps remove bad cholesterol, reducing heart disease risk. Low levels increase cardiovascular risk, important for heart health assessment.
Read More About HDLHigh-sensitivity C-reactive protein, indicates inflammation and predicts cardiovascular disease risk. High levels suggest increased risk of heart disease and inflammation, important for cardiovascular risk assessment.
Read More About hs-CRPLow-density lipoprotein or "bad" cholesterol, contributes to arterial plaque buildup, increasing heart disease risk. High levels are a major cardiovascular risk factor, important for managing heart health.
Read More About LDLHormone regulating sex hormone production, important for checking fertility, menstrual irregularities, and pituitary disorders. Abnormal levels indicate reproductive health issues, guiding fertility treatment.
Read More About Luteinising Hormone (LH)Essential mineral for nerve, muscle function, and enzyme reactions. Abnormal levels indicate dietary deficiency, kidney disease, or metabolic disorders, important for testing and managing electrolyte imbalances.
Read More About Magnesium (Serum)Primary female sex hormone, essential for reproductive health and menstrual cycle regulation. Abnormal levels can indicate hormonal imbalances, fertility issues, or menopause, used when screening reproductive health conditions.
Read More About Oestradiol (Oestrogen)Reflects balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory fatty acids. Imbalances can contribute to chronic diseases. Optimal ratios are crucial for reducing inflammation and promoting heart health.
Read More About Omega 6: Omega 3 RatioHormone critical for regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy. Abnormal levels can indicate ovulation issues, infertility, or pregnancy complications, important for reproductive health assessment.
Read More About ProgesteroneA stress hormone; high levels can indicate hard exercise training, pituitary tumors, hypothyroidism, or pregnancy. Tested when screening for reproductive disorders and managing pituitary function.
Read More About ProlactinTransports oxygen throughout the body. Abnormal counts indicate anaemia, dehydration, or polycythaemia. Used when screening for blood volume and oxygenation issues.
Read More About Red Blood Cell (RBC)Binds sex hormones, regulating their activity. Abnormal levels suggest hormonal imbalances, affecting conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome or hypogonadism, important for assessing hormonal status.
Read More About Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG)Primary male hormone affecting muscle mass, bone density, and libido. Abnormal levels can indicate hormonal imbalances, affecting both men's and women's health. Useful when screening for endocrine disorders.
Read More About Testosterone (total)Regulates thyroid hormone production. Abnormal levels indicate hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
Read More About Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)Main thyroid hormone, regulating metabolism, growth, and development. Abnormal levels indicate thyroid dysfunction.
Read More About Thyroxine (T4, Free Direct)Sum of all cholesterol fractions. High levels increase the risk of heart disease. Essential for assessing cardiovascular health and guiding dietary and therapeutic interventions.
Read More About Total CholesterolCombined levels of albumin and globulin. Useful for assessing nutritional status, liver function, and immune system health. Abnormal levels can indicate liver disease, kidney disorders, or nutritional deficiencies, essential for comprehensive health assessment.
Read More About Total ProteinType of fat in the blood, high levels increase the risk of heart disease. Important for evaluating cardiovascular health and guiding lifestyle modifications to reduce heart disease risk.
Read More About TriglyceridesActive thyroid hormone influencing metabolism. Useful when screening for hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, important for thyroid function assessment and management.
Read More About Triiodothyronine (T3, Free)Indicates kidney function and protein metabolism. Elevated levels suggest renal dysfunction or high protein intake. Testing helps to screen for and manage kidney disease and dietary monitoring.
Read More About UreaProduct of purine metabolism, high levels can lead to gout or kidney stones. Important for screening for metabolic disorders and managing conditions related to high uric acid levels.
Read More About Uric AcidEssential for vision, immune function, and skin health. Deficiency leads to vision problems and increased infection risk, while excess can be toxic, crucial for nutritional assessment and management.
Read More About Vitamin AWhat are biomarkers?
Biomarkers refer to biological molecules found in your blood that are a sign of a normal or abnormal process, or a condition or disease. They can be used for screening and disease progression monitoring, and to guide and assess treatment responses.
For example, hs-CRP levels in the blood can be used as a biomarker for inflammation, while cholesterol levels can indicate heart disease risk. You can also track hormone levels in your blood to monitor things like perimenopause, PCOS and fertility. You can view all of our home blood tests here.